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Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a communicable viral disease responsible for severe outbreaks in humans. It is characterized by a lethality of up to 90% and poses a real public health problem. The virus is transmitted to humans from wild animals (bats, monkeys, gorillas, agoutis, antelopes, porcupines) and then spreads to populations through human-to-human transmission. Frugivorous bats in the Pteropodidae family are the natural hosts of the Ebola virus. To date, no specific treatment or vaccine is available.The first EVD outbreaks have occurred mainly in isolated villages in Central and West Africa, near tropical rainforests. Ebola first appeared in 1976 during two simultaneous outbreaks in Nzara (Sudan) and Yambuku (Democratic Republic of Congo — DRC). In Congo, the affected village was near the Ebola River, which gave its name to the disease. In Côte d'Ivoire, one case of Ebola fever was recorded in 1994 in Tai. This case did not give rise to an epidemic. Since the beginning of February 2014, an epidemic of hemorrhagic fever has been reported in Guinea-Conakry in the N'Zérékoré region located about 150 km from the Ivorian border. The 2014-2016 outbreak in West Africa was the largest and most complex since the discovery of the virus in 1976. The peculiarity of this outbreak is that it has spread from one country to another, starting from Guinea to reach Sierra Leone and Liberia. The current outbreak (2018-2019) in eastern DRC is very complex and insecurity has a deleterious impact on public health interventions. The Filoviridae virus family consists of 3 genera: Cuevavirus, Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus. Six species have been identified in Ebolavirus: Zaire, Bundibugyo, Sudan, Reston, Tai Forest and Bombali. The virus causing the 2014-2016 outbreak in West Africa belongs to the species Zaire. Biological confirmation of Ebola was made on Saturday 22 March 2014. It then spread mainly to Liberia and then to Sierra Leone. The end of the epidemic was reported in all three countries towards the end of 2015, but resurgencies took place in Sierra Leone and Guinea in the first quarter of 2016.The Phases of the epidemic according to the WHOBased on this pattern, EVD issues in the Communication strategy will be developed in three phases: pre-epidemic, epidemic and post-epidemic, with sub-phases.Although the evolution of the epidemic has been defined in three phases, the need to use symbols at the operational level for greater visibility and understanding of communication actions for the benefit of the general public is required. The symbols are inspired by traffic lights used for traffic control (green, orange, red). For each alert level, there is a list of messages, actions, actors, targets, etc. These levels correspond to the phases of the epidemic according to the following categories:Phase 1 /Pre-epidemicAbsNo Neighbours' CasesGreen: Normal SituationCase in NeighborsOrange: Alert) PHASE 2/EpidemiaAffect/Unaffected AreaRed: CrisePhase 3/ Post EpidemicBefore OMSORANGE Declaration: AlertAfter the WHOSVERT Declaration: Normal SituationVaccinAn experimental Ebola vaccine proved to be very protective against this virus in a major trial in Guinea in 2015. This product, called RVSV-Zebov, was studied in a trial in which 11,841 people participated in 2015. Of the 5837 people to whom the vaccine was administered, no cases of Ebola virus disease were recorded 10 days or more after vaccination. In comparison, there were 23 cases in the not had the vaccine after 10 days or more.This vaccine, called RVSV-Zebov, is used during the outbreak that is currently striking DRC.Early data indicate that this vaccine is very effective. The WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts stressed the need to evaluate other Ebola vaccines. Source WHO.Click on the following resource links to download information and learn more about Ebola:MESSAGE GUIDE (CCSC) National Communication Strategy for Social and Behavioral Change (CCSC) for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Response Leader's Guide to Crisis Communication: Lessons from Ebola for COVID-19 Prevention and Management of Ebola Virus Disease CCP_RCI